What does the term "voltage drop" refer to in electrical distribution?

The term "voltage drop" refers specifically to the reduction in voltage as electrical current flows through a circuit. This phenomenon occurs because of the resistance present in the conductors and components that the current passes through. When electrical current encounters resistance, some of the energy is lost in the form of heat, resulting in a decrease in voltage from the point of supply to the load.

Understanding voltage drop is critical in electrical distribution, as it impacts the performance and efficiency of electrical systems. If the voltage drop is too significant, equipment may not operate properly, leading to issues such as reduced performance, overheating, or even equipment failure. Calculating and mitigating voltage drop is an essential skill for electrical professionals to ensure that all devices receive adequate voltage for optimal operation.