What is the primary role of a transformer in an electrical distribution system?

The primary role of a transformer in an electrical distribution system is to change voltage and current levels. This is achieved by transferring electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction. Transformers can either step up (increase) or step down (decrease) voltage levels, making it possible to efficiently transmit electrical power over long distances or adapt it to the required levels for use in residential and commercial applications. By altering the voltage, transformers also affect current levels in accordance with the principle of conservation of energy, allowing the system to match different demand and supply conditions. This capability is essential in optimizing the distribution of electrical power and enhancing the overall efficiency of the electrical grid.